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Background: This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy and the side effects of different endostar administration methods in patients with advanced malignancy who underwent second-line chemotherapy. Methods: 98 patients with advanced malignancies were divided into 2 groups based on the delivery methods of endostar, including drip intravenous administration of endostar (DE) group and continuous intravenous administration of endostar (CE) group. Response rate (RR), disease control rate (DCR), and quality of life (QOL) of the patients were examined to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy, and toxicity reactions were analyzed to evaluate the adverse effects. Results: Compared with the DE group, the therapeutic efficacy of CE has been slightly improved, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05). Additionally, no different incidence rate was observed in toxic reactions, including leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and hepatic function damage, between the DE and CE groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, no significant difference was observed between the traditional intravenous drip of endostar group and the intravenous drip followed by continuous pumping of endostar group in the patients with advanced malignancies.
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Objective:To investigate the implication of micro RNA-21(miR-21) in Endostar combined with X-ray irradiation of cardiac fibroblasts (CF).Methods:Rat CFs were used in this experiment and been divided into the blank control group, 10 Gy X-ray irradiation group, Endostar group, 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar group, 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar+ NC mimic group (negative control 1), 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar+ miR-21 mimic group, 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar+ NC inhibitor group (negative control 2) and 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar+ miR-21 inhibitor group. The proliferation of CF was determined by Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The expression level of Collagen Ⅰ protein was analyzed by Western blot. The expression levels of Collagen Ⅰ and miR-21 mRNA were assayed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR).Results:In the 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar+ miR-21 mimic group, the CF proliferation, Collagen Ⅰ and miR-21 mRNA were increased significantly compared with those in the blank control group, 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar group, and negative control group 1 (all P<0.05). In the 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar+ miR-21 inhibitor group, the CF proliferation and expression levels of Collagen Ⅰ mRNA were decreased significantly compared with those in the blank control group, 10 Gy X-ray+ Endostar group and negative control group 2(all P<0.05). Conclusions:The CF proliferation and Collagen Ⅰ expression are increased when the expression level of miR-21 gene is simulated. When inhibiting the expression of miR-21 gene, the CF proliferation and Collagen Ⅰ expression are reduced.
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Objective: To observe the effect of recombinant human endostatin (endostar) combined with chemotherapy on advanced colorectal cancer. Methods: A total of 120 inoperable patients with advanced colorectal cancer who were admitted to the Guizhou Cancer Hospital from June 2014 to June 2018 were selected. The patients were divided into two groups. Sixty cases were allocated to the test group and received endostar of 15 mg/d, d1-d7, which was repeated after 7 and 14 days. Chemotherapy was initiated on the 5th day of endostar (endostar window period). Sixty patients were allocated to the control group and received endostar of 15 mg/d, d1-d14, which was repeated after 7 and 21 days. Chemotherapy was initiated on the 1st day of endostar. The chemotherapy regimen used was mFOLFOX6 or FOLFIRI. Results: The objective response rate (ORR) of the test and control groups was 25.0%, and 18.3%, respectively, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 80.0% and 73.3%, respectively. The difference was not significant (P=0.375, P= 0.388). The 1-year survival rate of the test group and the control group was 69.6% and 62.5%, respectively, while the 2-year survival rate was 39.7% and 21.3%, respectively. Moreover, the 3-year survival rate was 26.8% and 13.3%, respectively, and the median survival time was 22 months (95% CI 16.817-27.183) and 16 months (95% CI 11.890-20.110), respectively. In contrast to the control group, the survival rate increased and the survival time was prolonged in the test group (P=0.033). The progression time (TTP) of median disease in the test and control groups was 9 months and 8 months, respectively. This was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: This study found that chemotherapy with recombinant human endostatin in the window stage can enhance the 1, 2, and 3-year survival rate of patients with advanced colorectal cancer, as well as prolong the median survival time.
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OBJECTIVES@#To observe the efficacy and adverse reactions of the combination of endostar with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced (IVb) and recurrent metastatic cervical cancer.@*METHODS@#Forty-four patients with recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer, who were admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from December 2016 to December 2018 were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group (22 cases in each group). The control group was given gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) or docetaxel plus cisplatin (DP) treatment, the experimental group was treated with endostar on the basis of the control group.@*RESULTS@#The objective response rate (ORR) was 42.9% in the experimental group and 22.7% in the control group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with chemotherapy alone, endostar combined with chemotherapy can prolong the median progression-free survival, with higher ORR and similar adverse reactions.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Cisplatin/therapeutic use , Endostatins , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Recombinant Proteins , Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE： To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Endostar combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）， and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug use. METHODS： Retrieved from Cochrane Library， PubMed， Embase， ClinicalTrials， CNKI， Wanfang and VIP database， randomized controlled trials （RCT） about Endostar combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin（trial group） vs. gemcitabine combined with cisplatin （control group） for NSCLC were collected. After literature screening， data extraction and quality evaluation with Cochrane 5.1.0 bias risk evaluation tool and Jadad scale， Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software. RESULTS： A total of 27 RCTs were included， involving 1 646 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed that response rate [RR＝1.67， 95％CI（1.48，1.89），P＜0.000 01] and clinical benefit rate [RR＝1.26， 95％CI （1.20， 1.33），P＜0.000 01] of trial group were significantly higher than those of control group. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of leucopenia [RR＝0.98，95％CI（0.88， 1.11），P＝0.79]， thrombocytopenia [RR＝1.07， 95％CI（0.91， 1.26），P＝0.39] and gastrointestinal reaction [RR＝1.01， 95％CI（0.90， 1.14），P＝0.85] between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS： Endostar combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin can improve therapeutic efficacy of NSCLC patients， without increasing the incidence of ADR.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of two antiangiogenic drugs (recombinant human endostatin endostar and thalidomide ) combined with capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) regimens in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.Methods From January 2015 to May 2018,40 patients of advanced metastatic colorectal cancer with organ metastasis and non?resectable were selected from the first people′s hospital of Hefei and Anhui Provincial Hospital, and they were randomly divided into treatment and control group, with 20 cases in each group.The treatment group received intravenous infusion (IV) of endostar for continuous 7 days (day 1～7) combined with oral administration of thalidomide for continuous 14 days (day 1～14) plus XELOX regimens after the fifth dose of endostar (day 6～19),and the control group was treated with XELOX regimen (day6～19).Results The objective response rate (ORR) was 50%(10／20) and 20%(4／20) respectively (χ2＝3.956,P＜0.05),the disease control rate (DCR) was 85%( 17／20) and 70%(14／20) respectively ( χ2＝1.290,P＞0.05),and the median progression free survival (mPFS) was 6.8 in both groups.There was no significant difference in Karnofsky performance score ( KPS) and incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups before and after treatment (P＞0.05).Conclusion Combination of endostar and thalidamide plus XELOX regimen as first?line treatment have better antitumor activity and are well?tolerated in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of high-frequency diathermic therapy and intra-thoracic chemotherapy with recombinant endostar combined with cisplatin in treatment of malignant pleural effusion. Methods A total of 48 patients with malignant pleural effusion diagnosed in the First People ' s Hospital of Guiyang from September 2014 to September 2016 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with envelope method. Twenty-four patients in observation group were received high-frequency diathermic therapy and cisplation 60 mg/m2 combined with endostar 25-30 mg/m2 intra-thoracic chemotherapy. Twenty-four patients in control group were treated with high-frequency diathermic therapy and single cisplation 60 mg/m2 intra-thoracic chemotherapy. The patients were karnofsky performance scores ≥70, cooperate with intravenous systemic chemotherapy, every 21 days for a total of two or three cycles. High frequency diathermic therapy was administered twice a week for 3 weeks 30 minutes after intra-thoracic chemotherapy,treatment time of 60 minutes every time. Chi-squared test were selected to evaluate the clinical efficacy and quality of life and adverse and toxic responses, respectively. The paired samplest test were selected to evaluate the variation of tumor markers in hydrothorax of the two groups pretherapy and post-treatment. Results In 24 patients of observation group, 2 patients were complete remission (CR), 17 patients were partial remission (PR), 4 patients were disease stable (SD), 1 patient was disease progression (PD), and the objective response rate (ORR) (CR+PR) was 79.2 ％. In 24 patients of control group, 0 patient was CR, 12 patients were PR, 7 patients were SD, 5 patients were PD, and the ORR was 50.0％, there was significant difference in ORR between the two groups (χ 2 = 4.463, P = 0.035). Karnofsky performance scores in observation group was higher than that in control group after treatment, patients with clinical benefit rate was 79.2 ％ vs. 54.2 ％, but the difference in life quality between the two groups was no statistically significant (χ2=3.375, P=0.066). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). The tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA-199), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in hydrothorax of the two groups were reduced by the treatment, except for the difference of CYFRA21-1 between the two group was not statistically significant (P= 0.161), the changes of the other 3 indicators in the observation group before and after treatment were greater than those in the control group (all P< 0.05). Conclusions High-frequency diathermic therapy and intra-thoracic chemotherapy with single cisplatin are effective in treating patients with malignant pleural effusion, and is more superior when combined with endostar. Additionally, the combination of the above two drugs has synergistic action and better safety, deserves to be further promoted in clinic.
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Objective To investigate the clinical significance and difference in the expression of endostatin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with different response to recombinant human endostatin (rh-endostatin) combined with chemotherapy.Methods Serum levels of endostatin and VEGF in peripheral blood of 30 patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC (NSCLC group) and 30 healthy controls (control group) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Two cycles of chemotherapy combined with rh-endostatin were provided to NSCLC patients to evaluate the efficacy of the regimen.Simultaneously,serum levels of endostatin and VEGF were measured before and after treatment.Results The level of serum endostatin was (37.96 ± 9.01) ng/ml and (40.12 ± 12.11)ng/ml in NSCLC patients and healthy controls,respectively,which was lower in the former than that of the latter,without statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).Furthermore,the level of serum VEGF was (127.98 ± 33.88) pg/ml and (36.33 ± 15.43) pg/ml in NSCLC patients and healthy controls,respectively,which was higher in the former than that of the latter,with statistical difference (t =13.48,P ＜ 0.05).Besides,levels of endostatin and VEGF in serum were not correlated with the sex,age,tumor pathological type and differentiation of NSCLC patients (P ＞ 0.05).After two cycles of chemotherapy combined with rh-endostatin treatment,the level of serum endostatin in partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) patients was (76.22 ± 20.41) ng/ml,higher than that of progressive disease (PD) patients,which was (31.24 ± 13.09) ng/ml (t =7.143,P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the level of serum VEGF in PR or SD patients was (93.28 ± 21.33) pg/ml,which was lower than (155.81 ± 48.38) pg/ml of the PD patients (t =3.503,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The levels of endostatin and VEGF are associated with the efficacy of anti-angiogenesis combined with chemotherapy in NSCLC patients.
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@#Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of endostar or carboplatin combined with endostar intracavitary perfusion in the treatment of malignant serous cavity effusion. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 78 cancer patients with malignant serous cavity effusion who received paracentesis and intracavitary endostar, or carboplatin combined with endostar in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between November 2011 and November 2016. There were 42 males and 36 females at a median age of 62 years ranging from 17 to 78 years. According to treatment methods, 78 patients were divided into two groups, in which 33 patients received intracavitary endostar combined with carboplatin (a combination group, 15 males and 18 females at a median age of 56 years ranging from 17 to 66 years), and 45 patients received intracavitary endostar (an endostar group, 27 males and 18 females at a median age of 63 years ranging from 38 to 78 years). The efficacy and safety of two methods were analyzed and compared. Results The response rate in the combination group was 75.8%, which was higher than that in the endostar group (60.0%, P=0.035). In quality of life improvement, there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.113). The incidence of fatigue, myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reactions in the endostar group was significantly lower than that of the combination group (P=0.006, 0.000 and 0.017, respectively). Analysis of long-term efficacy revealed that the median time to progress (TTP) in the combination group and endostar group was 171 days and 143 days, respectively (P=0.030). Conclusion Intracavitary infusion of endostar alone, or carboplatin combined with endostar is effective and tolerable for controlling malignant serous cavity effusion. But for the patients with poor physical state who can not tolerant platinum perfusion, intracavitary infusion of endostar alone can be adopted to control malignant serous cavity effusion.
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@#Objective To study the short-term outcome and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with recombinant human endostatin (endostar) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods Between December 2013 and December 2014, 80 consecutive patients (50 males, 30 females) with biopsy-proved NSCLC were divided into two groups: a RFA combined treatment group (RFA combined with endostar, 60 patients, 38 males, 22 females, mean age at 67.77±10.43 years) and a RFA alone group (20 patients, 12 males, 8 females, mean age at 67.35±9.82 years). The RFA combined treatment group was divided into three groups according to vascular normalization window of endostar and 20 patients in each group: a combined treatment group 1 (transfusion of endostar after RFA), a combined treatment group 2 (transfusion of endostar for 1 to 3 d before RFA) and a combined treatment group 3 (transfusion of endostar for 4 to 7 d before RFA). The CT scan of the chest was followed up after the treatment, local recurrence and safety was observed. Results There was a statistical difference in local recurrence time among groups (χ2 = 11.05, P =0.011). The effect of the combined treatment group is better than that of the radiofrequency ablation therapy alone group. And in the recombinant human endostatin of tumor vascular normalization time best combination therapy was observed in the near future effect compared with the radiofrequency ablation therapy alone. In this study common complications were associated with radiofrequency ablation. No recombinant human endostatin related complication was found. There was no satistical difference in safety between the combined treatment group and the radiofrequency ablation therapy group (χ2= 0.889, P > 0.05). Conclusion RFA combined with endostar is safe and effective for non-small cell lung cancer.
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Objective To evaluate the feasibility of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in gallbladder carcinoma anti-angiogenesis treatment.Methods Subcutaneous gallbladder carcinoma model was consturcted.The mice were divided into intervention-drug group and control group randomly.The mice of intervention-drug group were treated with Endostar (10 mg · kg-1 · d-1) by intraperitoneal injection for two weeks.Two groups of mice were detected by CEUS,then the time of arrival (AT),peak time (TTP),peak intensity (PI),area under the curve (AUC) were measured via time-intensity curve.Expression of MVD and VEGF both in the intervention and control groups were studied through immunohistochemistry.and the correlations between MVD,VEGF and CEUS parameteres were further analyzed.Results The mean values of PI in drug intervention group and control group were 10.8 ± 5.5 and 16.8 ± 5.8,respectively.The values of PI in intervention-drug group were lower than that in control group significantly (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in AT,TTP,AUC between the two groups.The mean values of MVD on drug intervention group and control group were 8.5 ± 3.8 and 13.1 ± 3.5,respectively.The mean values of VEGF on drug intervention group and control group were 4.3 ± 0.5 and 4.7 ± 0.4,respectively.The values of MVD and VEGF in intervention-drug group were significant lower than that control group (P ＜ 0.05).MVD and VEGF values of intervention-drug group were correlated with PI (r =0.712,P ＜ 0.05;r =0.739,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Endostar can inhibit the growth of gallbladder carcinoma and PI can be used as an effective marker to evaluatethe effect of anti-angiogenic therapy in gallbladder carcinoma.
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AIM: To observe the influence of gold nanoparticles combined with Endostar (AuNPs-Endostar) on the melanoma lung metastasis of mice and the underlying mechanism.METHODS: C57BL/6 mice (n=24) were selected for constructing the model of spontaneous lung metastasis of melanoma B16-F10 cells.Subsequently, the mice were randomly divided into Endostar group, AuNPs group, AuNPs-Endostar group and model group.After the formation of melanoma, the mice in each group were injected with different drugs through tail vein for 0.1 mL daily.After 9 d, the mice were narcotized for cutting the tumors in situ.After the operation, they were raised for 2 weeks before killed for obtaining the lung tissues to observe the situation of the metastasis.HE staining was utilized for observing the necrosis status of the tumors in situ, while immunostaining was applied for testing the expression of CD31, carbonic anhydrase-IX (CA-IX), vimentin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the tumors.RESULTS: Compared with model group, the pulmonary metastasis in the groups with medical treatment was obviously reduced.In AuNPs-Endostar group, the metastasis inhibition rate was the highest, and the tumor necrosis was also decreased obviously, with the significant reduction of CD31, CA-IX and vimentin expression in the tumors and significant increase in ZO-1 expression.CONCLUSION: Compared with using Endostar or AuNPs alone, the combination of AuNPs with Endostar significantly improves the curative effect of inhibiting the pulmonary metastasis of melanoma in the mice.The mechanism may be related to reducing the tumor angiogenesis, norma-lizing the blood vessels and improving tumor hypoxia, thus inhibiting the tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition, increasing the tight junctions between tumor cells and decreasing the invasiveness.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of Endostar and oxaliplatin plus S-1 ( SOX regimen) in patients with advanced Primary carcinoma of the liver. Methods 32 advanced primary liver cancer patients admitted from February 2012 to August 2014 were assigned to SOX regimen as systemic chemotherapy: oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 iv d1; S-1 (80 ~ 120 mg, twice-daily) for 14 days; 150 mg Endostar which was dissolved in 210 mL normal saline for 120 h durative transfusion. Treatment was repeated every 21 days. Objective clinical efficacy and adverse effect was assessed every 2 cycles. Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level was also monitored according to the schedule. Results All 32 patients were available to be assessed, the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) ,the clinical benefit response rates (CBR), 1 year survival rate was 15.6%, 46.9%, 56.3%, 58.3% respectively. The serum AFP respond rate was 19.4%. Major adverse effects were myelosuppression and fatigue , mostly graded at 1 ~ 2. There were no treatment-related death. Conclusions These preliminary results suggest that continuous intravenous pumping of Endostar combined with SOX regimen could provide survival benefits with tolerable adverse effects.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of chemical therapy with or without Endostar treatment for late‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the expression of excision repair cross‐complementing group 1 (ERCC1) .Methods Three hundred and one NSCLC patients of IV stage from 2012 June to 2013 June were enrolled in our hospital and the expression of ERCC1 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in tissue samples ,then the patients were divided into chemotherapy alone group and chemotherapy with Endostar group ,the recent curative effect and patients′survival in two groups were evaluated .Results Among 301 NSCLC patients ,166 patients had a positive expression of ERCC1 and account to 55 .1% .The efficacy rate in ERCC1+ NSCLC patients was significantly lower than that in ERCC1‐NSCLC patients .In ERCC1+ NSCLC patients ,compared with the chemotherapy alone group ,the response rate in the chemotherapy with Endostar group was increased ,and the median survival time (MST) and median time to progress(TTP) were also extended .Conclusion chemotherapy with Endostar increased the recent cura‐tive effect of NSCLC patients and might conducive to improving the quality of life .
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Objective To study the efficacy and safety of intracavitary injection of endostar combined with chemotherapy of malignant pleural effusion.Methods 46 cases with malignant pleural effusion were divided into groups of intracavitary injection of endostar combined with chemotherapy of malignant pleural effusion (treatment group)and groups of intracavitary chemotherpy(control group)randomly,pleural effusion of the patients from the two groups were injected cisplatin(DDP)60mg into the thorax and 45mg of endostar,The same therapy applied to the control group except adding endostar,twice a week,in 2 -4 rounds,the efficacy and safety of the two groups were studied.Results The effective rate of the treatment groups was 58.3%,which was higher than 31.8%of the control group (χ2 =4.547,P<0.05).The improvement rate of quality of life was 75.0% in the treatment group,which was higher than 59.1% in the control group (χ2 =5.371,P<0.05).The toxicities of the treatment group were not increased significantly.Conclusion The therapy of intracavitary injection of endostar combined with chemotherapy of malignant pleural effusion is effective and secure.
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INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‑associated death world‑wide. And the lung cancer is generally divided into small cell lung carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer. For advanced NSCLC, the chemotherapy and target therapy were the important treatment modality. This meta‑analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicity between endostar combined chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone in Chinese patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and CNKI databases to find the potential relevant articles reporting the endostar combined with chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer in Chinese patients. The tumor response and toxicity difference between the two groups were demonstrated by odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). All the data was pooled by Stata 11.0 (http://www.stata.com; Stata Corporation, College Station, TX) software. RESULTS: We included 14 studies published in Chinese or English studies. The pooled results showed adding endostar in the chemotherapy regimen can significant increase the objective response rate (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.87–3.12, P = 0.00) and disease control rate (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.68–2.94, P = 0.00). For toxicities, the pooled data showed no statistical difference for grade III‑IV granulocytopenia risk (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.74–1.44, P = 0.83). Nausea and vomiting (OR = 0.93 95% CI: 0.51–1.52, P = 0.78) and grade III‑IV alopecia (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.76–1.29, P = 0.95). The funnel plot showed no statistical publications. CONCLUSION: Combined treatment with endostar can improve the response rate for NSCLC patients without increasing the risk of developing severe adverse event.
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Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of recombinant human endostatin injection-endostar against lymphatic metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The mouse tumor model was established by subcutaneously injecting 0. 2 mL A549 human lung cancer cell suspension (1 × 107/mL) in the right armpit of nude mice. Fifty-six tumor-bearing nude mice were randomly divided into eight groups(n=7), including control group (physiological saline 0. 2 mL,1/d), cisplatin group (cisplatin 20 μg, every other day), three endostar groups (endostar 2, 4, 6 mg/kg; 1/d), and three endostar plus cisplatin groups (adding cisplatin 20 μg to three endostar groups, every other day). The drugs were injected via the tail vein for 14d, and the animals were observed for 7 d following the last administration. Tumor diameters were recorded in each group and the changes of tumor size were observed. The tumor tissues and suspicious lymph nodes were subjected to H-E staining and immunohistochemical staining; the staining results were used to calculate the lymphatic metastasis rate, number of metastatic lymph nodes and micro-lymphatic vessel density (MLVD) of each group. Results: The pre- and post-treatment differences of tumor diameters in all the experimental groups were significantly smaller than that in the control group, and those of the three endostar plus cisplatin groups were significantly smaller than those of the three endostar groups or cisplatin group (P<0.05). The lymphatic metastasis rate, number of metastatic lymph nodes and MLVD in three endostar groups and three endostar plus cisplatin groups were significantly less than that in control group and cisplatin group (P<0.05). Lymphatic metastasis positive rate, number of metastatic lymph nodes and MLVD in endostar plus cisplatin group were significantly lower or smaller than those in the control group and cisplatin group(P<0.05); for the three endostar groups and the three endostar plus cisplatin groups, the above three parameters in 6 mg/kg endostar group and 6 mg/kg endostar plus cisplatin group were significantly lower or smaller than those in 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg endostar groups or 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg endorstar plus cisplatin groups (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Both endostar and cisplatin can inhibit tumor growth, and combination of both has a stronger inhibition than they are used alone. Endostar can inhibit tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastases in a concentration associated manner, which is not found for cisplatin.
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Objective To observe the MVD and integrin αvβ3 mRNA expression changes in tumor -bearing rats by using endostar combined with radiotherapy ,and to explore the potential synergy mechanism .Meth-ods We randomly divided the tumor -bearing rats into four groups:control group(NC),endostar group(ES), radiation treatment group ( RT) and endostar combined radiotherapy group ( ES +RT) .Tumor inhibition rate was calculated every other day .Microvessel density and αvβ3mRNA were texted by immunohistochemical or real time PCR in each group.Results (1)ES+RT group showed the most obvious inhibition rate;(2)Compared with NC group,microvessel density of RT was increased ,but decreased in ES group and ES +RT group significantly ( P<0.05);(3)Compared with NC group,αvβ3 mRNA expression of RT group was increased,while decreased in ES group and ES+RT group,and ES +RT group displayed a greater decrease when compared to ES group ( P<0.05).Conclusion Endostar combined radiotherapy can inhibit the growth of cancer and the expression ofαvβ3mRNA,improve the disorders of tumor vascular network .It may be one of the mechanisms of increasing radi-osensitization.
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Objective Antiangiogenesis therapy has been shown to prolong survival for patients with malignant tumor .However the present study has not been observed the clinical benefit of antiangiogenesis therapy combination with chemotherapy treated with gastric canc-er.Human recombinant vascular endothelial inhibition (endostar) as a multi-targeted anti-angiogenesis drug, the mechanism is different from other Antiangiogenesis drugs.It can block different pathways of signal transduction to inhibit angiogenesis .This study aimed to observe the effect of combined application of endostar and paclitaxel on biological behavior of gastric cancer cell lines . Methods MMT assay and Tr-answell invasion assay were respectively used to examine the inhibition rate of cell growth and invasion ability when cells were treated with va-rious concentrations of endostar and paclitaxel alone or in combination.The protein expressions of VEGF,MMP-2 and MMP-9 were examined by Western blot. Results Endostar or paclitaxel effectively inhibited the growth of MGC803 cells and the in vitro invasion of MGC803 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.The proliferation and invasion ability of combined treatment with endostar and paclitaxel was significantly lower than that of endostar or paclitaxel alone (P<0.05).Compared with con-trol group, the VEGF,MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expressions were de-creased in experimental groups ( P <0.05).Compared with paclitaxel group, the VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expressions were relatively reduced in combination groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Endostar combined with paclitaxel can suppress the growth and invasion of MGC803 cells, and the decreasing VEGF , MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions may be involved in the mechanism .
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Objective To evaluatc the efficacy and safcty of recombinant endostatin (Endostar)combined with concurrent radio-chemotherapy (CRCT) in patients with unresectable stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods From March 2009 to November 2011,47 patients received threedimensional conformal radiotherapy of 60-66 Gy in 30-33 fractions over 6-7 weeks And concurrent chemotherapy of docetaxel 65 mg/m2 and cisplatin 65 mg/m2.Endostar was administered once a week before and on week 2,4,6 during CRCT at a dose level of 7.5 mg/m2/d.Tumor response was evaluated with thoracic CT scans performed 4 weeks after completion of treatment in accordance with RECIST 1.1 criteria.Acute toxicities were evaluated in accordance with CTCAE 3.0.Results Forty-four patients completed treatment and toxicity evaluation,42 patients completed evaluation of efficacy.Five patients achieved complete response,29 partial response,3 stable disease,and 5 progressive disease,2 were net assessed.Overall response rate was 77％.One-year overall survival rate was 81％,and one-year progression-free survival rate was 51％.Twelve patients died,2 died of treatment related toxicities,8 of cancer,and 2 of unknown causes.Nineteen patients developed grade 3/4 neutrocytopenia,grade 3 acute esophagitis and pneumonitis were observed in 4 and 4 patients,respectively,and 1 patient died of pneumonitis.No patient developed cardiovascular toxicities and hemorrhage.Conclusions Endostar combined with CRCT for unresectable stage Ⅲ NSCLC was safe and the short term outcomes were promising.Further investigations are warranted.